PROGRAMMING

Programming Language is a media of communication between programmer and computer.

Types of PL(Programming Language ) :-

 1. Low level 2. High Level

Low Level PL :- These languages are used to program the computer at hardware level. Those who have a knowledge of architecture of computer can program computer using these languages.

Types : 1. Machine Level PL 

             2. Assembly level PL

Machine level PL :- 

                   In this language the programs are written using Binary language i.e. 0 & 1. Using this language we can completely utilise the computer hardware and memory . Programs written in this will work fast and efficiently because it doesn't require any translation. But remembering binary codes and detecting errors is tedious task.

Assembly level PL :- 

             In this language english simple words are used as instructions instead of binary codes. These are called as Mnemonics. These are easy to remember, write and for debugging. But as mnemonics are in english before execution it has to be translated to binary. To do this work we require a special program called Assembler. The main drawback of this language is Non Portability means programs written for particular processor will not work on other type of processor because mnemonics are different for different procesors.

Eg. 8085, 8086, 8088 etc.,

High Level PL :- 

                These languages are hardware independent means they are highly portable languages i.e. programs written for a particular processor will work on another type of processor.

C Language

Introduction :-

         C Language is a High level language developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 at Bell Labortries. Earlier there was a language by name BCPL (Basic combined procedure language) and it was called by short cut name B. This language was improved and created a new language and name as C(Because the previous name was B).

Characterstics of C :-

1. C is a highly protable language Programs written for one computer can be processed another type of computer without making changes and with little changes.

2. C is a structured language Large programs can be written in a systematic manner so that referencing program later will be very easy using functions feature.

3. C Provides rich set of operators It provides a rich set of operators for different operations like arithmetic, relational etc.,

4. C provides rich set of built in functions It has rich set of built-in functions library through general operations will be very easy like mathemetical functions, string functions etc.,

Structure of C Program :-

#include < stdio.h > /* Preprocessor directive */
main() /* Function definition */
{ /* Beginning of program */
 

printf("\nHello Wel come to C by Dice");
 

} /* End of program */

Diagram for how c program executes